Hey Hannes, the grafting approach works on young tissue which doesn’t have to be seed based. For Cavendish banana, we used very young shoots and fuses them to young roots of wild resistant banana (you can see a picture of such a grafted banana in the Nature article Fig. 3c). The plants then grow as normal to maturity. As with perennial grafts in orchard crops, the grafting process needs to be done on each tree. But as these are perennials like banana, the plant will yield for years to come.